Science and Scientific Knowledge: Is the Universe Friendly or Unfriendly to Man?

Abstract

Throughout the millennia, knowledge acquisition has been deeply intertwined with how individuals and societies conceptualise reality. Metaphysics addresses the nature of reality. However, its evolution is shaped by the epistemological constructs that individuals or societies adopt, believe in, and practice. This paper examines the generation of scientific knowledge and explores the philosophical question of whether humans are the masters of their destiny or merely “worms of the dust.” Religious cosmology posits that humanity, as living souls created from the Earth, serves a divine purpose: the will of God. This assumption views humans as expressions of the ‘prime mover,’ subordinate to God, who governs the universe. Conversely, if humans were the architects of their existence, they would wield the power to dictate every aspect of their reality, including their death and potential resurrection. Still, man’s intrinsic desire for immortality, coupled with his inability to achieve eternal life autonomously, highlights the limitations of human agency. From this premise, humans cannot be the ultimate architects of the universe, as much of its operation exists beyond their control. Despite significant scientific breakthroughs, the validity of scientific knowledge remains subject to the test of time. Acknowledging this enduring truth is essential for cultivating genuine scientific acumen. Einstein famously said, “There are only two ways to live your life: one is as though nothing is a miracle; the other is as though everything is a miracle.” This perspective emphasises that life offers no predetermined opportunities, miracles and success bestowed at birth. Instead, success and opportunities are determined by an individual’s vision, perseverance, and ability to navigate challenges. The willingness to endure internal and external rejections is crucial for achieving personal and collective growth. Therefore, humanity must acknowledge the interdependent relationship between epistemological beliefs, metaphysical realities, and the resilience necessary to overcome life’s adversities.